Неэргодическая экономика

The pros and cons of commerce, government service, and academic science are weighed as the possible spheres of an economist’s professional activity. The realm of economic research is shown as unprofitable in our time, with specialist interest in economics waning and leading in the near future to far–reaching modernization of economic knowledge all around.

The article examines the salient features of labor out–migration in Russia. The author’s analysis has revealed new trends and problems in this sphere. In addition, the author examines the geographical, sectoral and professional structure of the foreign labor force in Russia. The analysis is based on the unique statistical data of the Ministry of Labour, Russian Federation.

Most countries specialize in either exporting or importing labor. Here, too, Russia is off the beaten path. It ships labor both in and out. This article examines the related problems and suggests how migrational streams may be optimized. The analysis is based on the unique statistical data of the Ministry of Labour, Russian Federation.

The article considers the phenomenon of inflation taxes as applied to corporations. It is shown how inflation can lead to stagnation and recession through the mechanism of formation of inflation taxes. A simple procedure is presented for estimating the length of a production and trade cycle with which the economy stays in conditions of nonzero growth and economic equilibrium is not disrupted. The need to introduce a system of differentiated taxation in conditions of high inflation is substantiated.

This article completes a series of works published in the journal «Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences» (nos. 5 and 6, 2007). The relation between the structure of the human psyche and the evolution of society is analyzed. The author shows the organic relationship between the psyche of a particular person and the stages of development of society. This fact allows us to foresee a new stage of global economic development.

The author expands some provisions of his previous article, published in the journal Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences (no. 5, 2007). A multilevel model of consciousness is considered; the mechanism of a person’s ascension along the circuits of consciousness is revealed; the nature of the revealed cross–circuit correlations is analyzed; and the role of complexes and imprints in the formation of psychosomatic health is discussed.

This paper describes an approach to estimating an equilibrium wage and an equilibrium rate of return with subsequent identification of their distortions when actual values of macrofactor prices are formed. The relation of the process of distortion of equilibrium prices to Walras’ Law is demonstrated. The concept of nonequilibrium prices is generalized from three markets: labor, capital, and institutional. The notion of economic market flexibility is introduced and its role in achieving economic equilibrium is ascertained. A technique for determining the “natural” rate of unemployment is proposed. All the methods are validated using the United States, Britain, and Russia as examples.

A conceptual framework and analytical scheme suggested in the present work explain the adverse effect of the tax reforms on economic growth in Russia. The author’s original classification of fiscal reforms, including the concepts of fiscal quasi– and pseudo–traps, offers a deeper insight in the specific character of the institutional change taking place in Russia. A quantitative estimate of the depressive effect of fiscal quasi–traps on national production is given.

The paper proposes and validates an approach to the assessment of equilibrium wages and equilibrium rate of return with the subsequent detection of their distortions when actual values of macrofactor prices are generated. The contribution of price distortions to the emergence of labor and capital markets is investigated and a scheme for determining the “natural” level of unemployment is proposed. All the methods have been validated for the economies of the United States and Russia.

A comparative analysis is performed of the Russian and Western models for the organization of economic science. In the author’s opinion, the Russian model is inferior to its Western counterpart in a number of respects, but the bulk of evidence suggests that our country has every opportunity to strike upon the right path to new frontiers in this sphere of scientific knowledge. Russia has the chance to build a powerful and effective national economic school. Now the fulfillment of this opportunity, however, requires the observance of many preconditions – this is the art of statesmanship.